Extraocular Muscles Tension, Tonus, and Proprioception in Infantile Strabismus: Role of the Oculomotor System in the Pathogenesis of Infantile Strabismus—Review of the Literature
نویسنده
چکیده
The role played by the extraocular muscles (EOMs) in the etiology of concomitant infantile strabismus is still debated and it has not yet definitively established if the sensory anomalies in concomitant strabismus are a consequence or a primary cause of the deviation. The commonest theory supposes that most strabismus results from abnormal innervation of the EOMs, but the cause of this dysfunction and its origin, whether central or peripheral, are still unknown. The interaction between sensory factors and innervational factors, that is, esotonus, accommodation, convergence, divergence, and vestibular reflexes in visually immature infants with family predisposition, is suspected to create conditions that prevent binocular alignment from stabilizing and strengthening. Some role in the onset of fixation instability and infantile strabismus could be played by the feedback control of eye movements and by dysfunction of eye muscle proprioception during the critical period of development of the visual sensory system. A possible role in the onset, maintenance, or worsening of the deviation of abnormalities of muscle force which have their clinical equivalent in eye muscle overaction and underaction has been investigated under either isometric or isotonic conditions, and in essence no significant anomalies of muscle force have been found in concomitant strabismus.
منابع مشابه
Innervated Myotendinous Cylinders Alterations in Human Extraocular Muscles in Patients With Strabismus
PURPOSE To analyze innervated myotendinous cylinders (IMCs) in the extraocular muscles (EOMs) of normal subjects and strabismic patients. METHODS The rectus muscles of 37 subjects were analyzed. Distal myotendinous specimens were obtained from 3 normal subjects, 20 patients with acquired strabismus, 11 with infantile strabismus, and from 3 with congenital nystagmus, and were studied by using ...
متن کاملOculomotor System Plasticity After Sustained Unilateral Brain- Derived Neurotrophic Factor Treatment of the Extraocular Muscles: A Novel Treatment for Strabismus
Program Number: 2570 Poster Board Number: C0274 Presentation Time: 3:45 PM–5:30 PM Oculomotor System Plasticity After Sustained Unilateral BrainDerived Neurotrophic Factor Treatment of the Extraocular Muscles: A Novel Treatment for Strabismus Christy Willoughby1, Linda K. McLoon1, 2, Michael J. Mustari3. 1Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; 2Opthalmology and Visual Neuroscie...
متن کاملNeuroanatomical Structures in Human Extraocular Muscles and Their Potential Implication in the Development of Oculomotor Disorders.
The potential role of sensory feedback from human extraocular muscles has been subjected to considerable speculation in the ophthalmic literature. Extraocular muscles pull against a fairly even load and do not initiate a stretch reflex, even when the eyes are directed toward the boundaries of their respective field of action. These unique working conditions and physiological properties have led...
متن کاملEffects of extraocular muscle surgery on 15 patients with oculo-cutaneous albinism (OCA) and infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS).
PURPOSE The purpose of this report is to characterize the clinical and electrophysiological effects of extraocular muscle surgery in 15 patients with oculo-cutaneous albinism (OCA) and infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS). Our hypothesis is that surgery on the extraocular muscles of patients with OCA and INS changes their nystagmus and their visual function. DESIGN Interventional, prospective, ...
متن کاملMassage for Infantile Colic: Review and Literature
Background Infantile colic is a painful phase in the first months of infancy but no safe and effective conventional treatment exists. Massage is used in traditional medicine as a control and treatment method for infantile colic. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of massage in the control and treatment of infantile colic. Materials and Methods We searched international...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
دوره 2016 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2016